If Clauses
IF CLAUSES - "CONDICIONAIS" |
Na apostila do nível 3, nós as vimos ao longo da matéria de forma prática. |
Aqui iremos reunir os 3 casos, explicar novamente e fazer exercícios |
As orações condicionais no inglês são conhecidas como if clauses e vimos 3 tipos. |
O substantivo IF significa SE em português e indica a possibilidade, condição de algo acontecer. |
As sentenças condicionais possuem 2 orações: |
IF CLAUSE: Oração subordinada na qual aparece o IF. |
MAIN CLAUSE: Oração principal. |
1º Conditional - Consequences |
Usamos para expressar uma consequência, um futuro provável, possível. |
Ex: If I practice, I will learn this language. (Se eu praticar, eu irei aprender esta língua) |
Vamos identificar, a IF CLAUSE é "If I practice" . É sempre a oração na qual aparece o IF. |
E a MAIN CLAUSE é "I will learn this language". |
Na 1ª condicional usamos a estrutura: IF + PRESENTE / WILL + VERBO |
Em todos os tipos de condicionais podemos colocar a IF CLAUSE no início ou final da sentença. |
Ex: If I practice, I will learn this language. (A IF CLAUSE está no início) |
Ex: I will learn this language, if I practice. (A IF CLAUSE está no final) |
2ª Conditional - Imaginary Situations |
Usamos para expressar uma situação imaginária. |
Ex: If I had money, I would travel to Europe. (Se eu tivesse dinheiro, eu viajaria para a Europa.) |
Na 2 ª condicional usamos a estrutura: IF + PASSADO / WOULD + VERBO |
Atenção: Na 2ª condicional o verbo TO BE fica na forma WERE em todos os sujeitos. |
Ex: If I were the president, I would help you. (Se eu fosse o presidente, eu ajudaria vocês.) |
3ª Conditional - Speculating about the past |
Usamos para expressar o resultado imaginado de uma situação que ocorreu ou não no passado. |
Expressa um passado irreal. |
Ex: If I had studied for this test last week, I would have passed. ( Se eu tivesse estudado para esta |
prova semana passada, eu teria passado.) |
Não confunda com a 2ª condicional. Pois aqui você está imaginando sobre algo que realmente já |
aconteceu, mas poderia ser diferente. |
FATO: Não passei na prova. |
HIPÓTESE: Se eu tivesse estudado, eu teria passado na prova. |
Na 3 ª condicional usamos a estrutura: IF + HAD + PARTICÍPIO / WOULD HAVE + PARTICÍPIO |
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Observação final |
Lembre-se que como dissemos, as orações podem aparecer invertidas nos 3 tipos de |
condicionais: |
Ex: If I drive safely, I will get home. ==> I will get home, if I drive safely. |
Ex: If I were you, I would tell the truth ==> I would tell the truth, if I were you. |
Ex: If I had known, I would have called her. ==> I would have called her, if I had known. |
As orações podem aparecer na negativa também: |
Ex: If I don't care, I won't do it. |
Ex: If hadn't bought the tickets, we wouldn't have watched the show. |
Há outros casos menos usuais onde podemos observar construções que não seguem exata- |
mente as estruturas que mostramos acima. Mas por hora, iremos nos limitar a estes casos. |
Por: William Sukys |
Agora, os exercícios ! |
| A) 1ª Conditionals : Consequences | ||
| 1) If Paul and Jane _________ the dinner, Jack __________ it. | ||
| a) cook / serves | b) cooks / will serve | c) cook / will serve |
| 2) If Bob _________ the exercises, he ___________ faster. | ||
| a) do / will learn | b) does / would learn | c) does / will learn |
| 3) We _________ you with your chores, if you __________ us the gossips. | ||
| a) will help / tell | b) help / will tell | c) helps / tells |
| 4) My friend _________ buy a new house, if he __________ a promotion. | ||
| a) buys / will get | b) buy / gets | c) will buy / gets |
| 5) If your sister _________ the house, you __________ the dishes. | ||
| a) clean / will wash | b) cleans / will wash | c) will clean / washes |
| B) 2ª Conditionals : Imaginary Situations | ||
| 1) If I _________ enough time, I __________ you every day. | ||
| a) had / would visit | b) would have / visited | c) would had / visit |
| 2) If we _________ the kings, we __________ all this kingdom. | ||
| a) would be / reigned | b) were / would reign | c) were / reign |
| 3) This car _________ so fast, if it _________ from that company. | ||
| a) wouldn't run / be | b) were / wouldn't be | c) wouldn't run / were |
| 4) If Brazil _________ in that war, we ________ in trouble. | ||
| a) entered / would be | b) would enter / were | c) enter / would be |
| 5) The internet _________ perfect, if it ________ so many broken links. | ||
| a) would be / have | b) were / would have | c) would be / didn't have |
| C) 3 ª Conditionals : Speculating about the past | ||
| 1) If the team ________ with effort, they __________ the match | ||
| a) had played / would have won | b) would have played / had won | |
| 2) The meeting _________ better, if you _________ only about yourself. | ||
| a) hadn’t been / would have talked | b) would have been / hadn’t talked | |
| 3) If we _________ on time, we __________ the bus. | ||
| a) had left / wouldn’t have missed | b) would have left / hadn’t missed | |
| 4) That cake _________ good, if you _________ the recipe. | ||
| a) had tasted / would have read | b) would have tasted / had read | |
| 5) If I _______ the reports faster, I ________ earlier. | ||
| a) had done / would have left | b) would have done / had left | |
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| D) Mixed conditionals : Complete with the appropriate clause: | |
| 1) If I study hard, .... | 2) If Mary were my girlfriend, ... |
| a) I would get a good grade | a) I would have been proud. |
| b) I will get a good grade. | b) I will be proud. |
| c) I'd have gotten a good grade. | c) I would be proud. |
| 3) If I hadn't come here yesterday, ... | 4) I would be a good singer, ... |
| a) I wouldn't have met Jack. | a) if I will have talent. |
| b) I won't meet Jack. | b) if I had talent. |
| c) I would meet jack. | c) if I'd have had talent. |
| 5) We'd have listened to you, ... | 6) This country will be better, |
| a) if you will get here in time. | a) if we work hard. |
| b) if you had gotten here in time. | b) if we had worked hard. |
| c) if you get here in time. | c) if we wouldn't have worked hard. |
| Answers: | |
| A) 1-c , 2-c , 3-a , 4-c , 5-b | |
| B) 1-a , 2-b , 3-c , 4-a , 5-c | |
| C) 1-a , 2-b , 3-a , 4-b , 5-a | |
| D) 1-b , 2-c , 3-a , 4-b , 5-b , 6-a | |
